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<title>National Braille Association - Mathematics, Science, and Computer Notation - Calculus - directed circle - Messages</title>
<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
<description>National Braille Association - Mathematics, Science, and Computer Notation - Calculus - directed circle - Messages</description>
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<pubDate>Thu, 28 Oct 2010 17:06:04 GMT</pubDate>
<lastBuildDate>Thu, 28 Oct 2010 17:06:04 GMT</lastBuildDate>
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<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
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<description><![CDATA[Yes -- the integral would be followed immediately by a dot 4 then the modified shape and a termination sign -- all on the same braille line.]]></description>
<pubDate>Thu, 28 Oct 2010 17:06:04 GMT</pubDate>
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<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
<title>Message from </title>
<description><![CDATA[So I would do that whole expression as the modification to the integral?]]></description>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Oct 2010 16:21:27 GMT</pubDate>
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<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
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<description><![CDATA[Thanks - really appreciate it!]]></description>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Oct 2010 15:07:34 GMT</pubDate>
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<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
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<description><![CDATA[The integral sign is modified by superposition with a circle that itself is modified.  According to sec. 110 of the Nemeth Code, when two or more signs of shape are combined to form a composite sign with a more detailed structure, the shape which is formed is called a shape with structural modification.  The modification is indicated by a letter or combination of letters suggestive of the nature of the modification. The symbol representing the modification must be preceded by the structural shape-modification indicator <span style="font:200% Braille from BRL2000,'Braille from BRL2000 regular',fixed">.</span> and followed by the termination indicator. <span style="font:200% Braille from BRL2000,'Braille from BRL2000 regular',fixed">]</span>  This combination must directly follow the symbol of basic shape which is being modified.  <br/><br/>Following these directions, the basic shape in this instance is a circle <span style="font:200% Braille from BRL2000,'Braille from BRL2000 regular',fixed">$c</span>.  The circle is modified by an arrowhead pointing in a counterclockwise direction (also called a directed circle).  The letter suggestive of this modification might be the letter d for directed.  Then your shape would be <span style="font:200% Braille from BRL2000,'Braille from BRL2000 regular',fixed">$c.d]</span>  The Code requires that this symbol be explained in a tn with a description of the print sign.<br/><br/>If ever the circle is shown with a clockwise arrow, you would need two different shape symbols.]]></description>
<pubDate>Wed, 27 Oct 2010 13:48:40 GMT</pubDate>
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<link>http://www.nationalbraille.org/Forum/messages.aspx?TopicID=477</link>
<title>Message from </title>
<description><![CDATA[This looks just like the Integral with superposed circle, and is modified with a C below it, BUT -- there is a small arrow on the circle (near the upper left part of the circle).   The text introduces this "circle with an arrow" with "We put a directed circle -- on the last integral as a reminder that the integration around the closed curve C is to be in the counterclockwise direction.  This is followed by a series of equations in whcih the final modified intrgral has the directed circle over it.<br/><br/>Not sure how the indicate this in braille.  <br/><br/>Thanks -<br/>Kathy SHawl]]></description>
<pubDate>Mon, 25 Oct 2010 16:03:53 GMT</pubDate>
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