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11/28/2011 4:41:08 PM
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Direction
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See Rule 13 in Formats. Cell-5 directions are followed by an exercise. There is no exercise here. The student is simply asked to write something and there is no exercise activity. Follow print here.
--Joanna
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11/28/2011 4:46:09 PM
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syllable
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Yes, it IS a primary syllable. Heavy accent = primary syllable and light accent= secondary syllable. See Formats Rule 18 regarding primary and secondary stress marks. A stress mark indicates a syllable and these terms mean the same thing. The stress mark that indicates the primary syllable is the primary stress mark; the stress mark that indicates a secondary syllsble is the secondary stress mark. The rule shows how the braille is done for both of these.
--Joanna
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11/30/2011 3:03:50 AM
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Footnote containing paragraphs
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I would strongly encourage you to post this in the Math forum. Nemeth has its own formatting rules and they do not necessarily follow the textbook formats rules. In THIS forum, I can only discuss the rules in Braille Formats, which may not be the same as for Nemeth. Therefore, this answer applies ONLY as if your example had no math in it.
See Rule 12 Section 3b (5). This refers to notes contining quoted matter, but you can regard that as notes with displayed material.
As for notes for multiple paragraph, each paragraph in the note starts as another 7-5 paragraph.
--Joanna
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12/1/2011 3:21:57 PM
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2 centered heading
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See Rule 4 Headings in the Formats book. See Section 2 Centered headings. You must decide for yourself whether these are two separate headings or just one lone headings. If you decide they are separate, treat as separate headings.
--Joanna
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12/11/2011 1:00:17 PM
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no page numbers
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Strange indeed and there's even a rule for it. See the bottom of page 15 in Formats starting with the very last sentence on that page. You guessed right. Show a page change indicator where the page is turned with no print page numbers--just a line of 36's across the page.
--Joanna
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12/11/2011 2:05:10 PM
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no page numbers
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I think all you can do if you are lucky enough to have a new print page start at the beginning of a new braille page is simply to start the new braille page. That's all you can do. I would not insert a page change indicator, but perhaps someone else reading this might have another thought on that.
When you set your page number options choose quick setup for unnumbered pages. Then, when you use the menu selection for next print page or the speedbraille key you have if you do it that way, you'll get a blank page turn line. Just choose next print page the way you normally would. If there is another section in the volume that does have print page numbers, change the page numbering setting when you get there. Don't forget to set unnumbered pages at the beginning of the file or the beginning of the section where you want that to take effect, just like any other page numbering setting.
--Joanna
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12/13/2011 4:17:42 AM
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Spanish Contents, enclosure, emphasis
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Item 1: I conferred with Lynnette Taylor and she suggests that these contents be done as an index, even though these are not in alphabetical order. The idex format will accommodate these page numbers and will also resolve the issue of the span of page numbers across more than one volume. It will be necessary to braille the entire contents at the beginning of each volume. I think you could write a TN for the first volume only to explain that the table of contents is brailled in index format to accommodate the long page number entries and that the complete contents will be in each volume. See the bottom of page 39 in Formats for contents in index format.
Also in the contents--the fifth item--Palabras con n antes de ... etc. I notice that there is a handwritten notation that indicates italics. Italics should not be added where not present in print. The other freestanding letters in this contents entry are in italics. These should also be italicized in braille. See. 3.1b again. Italics retained for freestanding foreign letters.
Item 2: Is there a question here? If you are asking about something about the r, I don't understand what it is. You have stated that symbols of enclosure are used in the contents, but apparently not in the text. Since you have not included the text page, I can't tell that. In any case, I don't understand if you are asking about something. Please let me know if you have a question about this and I'll be glad to try and help.
Item 3: Yes, the letter indicator should be used with all syllables. See 1.6b(2). The new foreign language rules require the letter sign for all word parts, whether preceded by a hyphen or not. Use the letter sign and follow print for emphasis. The letter sign will follow the typeface indicator, if present. See 1.8 Order of braille composition signs with foreign letters or words.
Item 4: Yes.
--Joanna
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12/13/2011 3:11:25 PM
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Spanish Contents, enclosure, emphasis
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Please first tell me why you would consider phonetic enclosures for #2 in order for my answer to be helpful. What is in the print that makes the enclosures look like phonetic enclosures to you? Do phonetic enclosures differ in appearance from diacritic enclosures?
--Joanna
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12/13/2011 5:53:51 PM
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cross-reference
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Word Count is a separate 1-1 paragraph
Use the Teaching Guide is NOT a simple direction. It is an UNMARKED CROSS REFERENCE and it is done in an unusual way. See Formats Rule 12 section 2e.
--Joanna
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12/15/2011 4:03:39 PM
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icon grade 1
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You may not need to shoe the icon at all, but just the heading Read Together. Read Braille Formats Rule 5 section 3. Look at your entire print book. Are the icons explained in the text? Are they referred to in the text? Are the icons there only for visual interest? Read the Formats rule and then you have to decide. Formats rule does not say anything about icons and first grade. So you have to decide what is best for the reader of this book. You also have to decide if the icon is need by the reader or if it just a picture to look at that the sighted readers can see.
--Joanna
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12/15/2011 5:52:21 PM
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Spanish Contents, enclosure, emphasis
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I think this may be some of the confusion:
... I see slashes around a letter, words that describe the strength of that letters sound in a word, and this, along with my limited experience with phoentics, leads me to belive that it is a phonetic enclosure.
Slashes are also used in DIACRITICS. What is it about the slashes that has you identify this as phonetics and not as diacritics? An answer would only make sense if you can tell me how you came to consider phonetics in the first place. In other words, I'm wondering how you identify phonetics.
--Joanna
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12/20/2011 6:08:07 PM
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Ellipses in text
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The reference indicator must follow the word and be on the same line, so yes, bring the word with its reference indicator (in this case the indicator and its number) to the next braille line. Don't be concerned with the space that this move leaves at the end of the braille line.
When there is a period with ellipses it is necessary to try to determine as much as possible where the omission actually is. This prints reads as tabulaor as the final word in the sentence with the capitalized However the beginning of the next sentence. Therefore, the period belongs with tabulator, the final word in the sentence and the ellipsses, indicating the omission, actually occurs BETWEEN the two sentences. An ellipses, all three dots, is treated as if it were a word, with a space before and after, no matter how it is spaced in print. The 3 dots are always unspaced in braille, no matter how they are printed.
The corrected braille file is attached. Note that tabulator is the last word in the sentence followed by the period, so that word has to be on the next braille line. The ellipses with a space before and after comes between the sentences.
--Joanna
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12/20/2011 6:08:53 PM
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Ellipses in text
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Forgot to attach the file. Sorry. Here is it.
--Joanna
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12/20/2011 9:15:23 PM
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Ellipses in text
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Yes indeed. And remember that if your are lucky enough to have the ellipses preceding the period as you describe, the ellipses will have a space BEFORE but there will be no space preceding the period. That's because the ellipses is like a word and there is no space between the word and the period that follows it.
And if all else fails, take your best shot as an intelligent reader to determine where the omission might be. Sometimes it's not as clear as it is in this case.
You're very welcome and I'm glad that helps.
--Joanna
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12/21/2011 12:54:48 PM
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Capitalizing the word "Grade" in a title
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All the words in the title are fully capped. If Grade 8 is part of the title it is also fully capped.
--Joanna
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12/21/2011 3:07:39 PM
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Capitalizing the word "Grade" in a title
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I have received feedback from a colleague who is kind enough to help keep me from a potential blunder. Look at the actual rule in Formaats. It says the grade level must be brailled as printed. How is your grade level printed? Is it capped in print? It would help if you would send a scan of the actual cover of the textbook. Formatting is based on what the print looks like it's hard to answer a question accurately if I can't see what it looks like.
Thanks.
--Joanna
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1/2/2012 9:37:04 PM
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indented paragraphs
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Thanks for sending the print. I am going to suggest that the reason you had difficulty is that the file is very big--it's over almost 7 MB for just a single page. This is because it's an .rtf and those tend to be quite large. I suggest that you scan and save the image into .jpg or .pdf. Those will be much smaller and easier to send. I say this because I think I MIGHT need to see additional page. The print layout here is complex and one page only lets me see a small part of it. I'll try with what we have.
Paragarphs are either indented or not regardless of where they are placed on the print page If all the text is at the same left margin, it is a blocked (NOT INDENTED) paragraph. If the first line of the paragraph is indented relative to the rest of the paragraph, it is an indented paragraph. So, there is only one indented paragraph on this page and that is the one starting The injury. I can't tell about the paragraph at the top of the page because I can't see how it begins. I'll assume it is blocked.
All of the remaining paragraphs on this page are blocked. You will have to read your text carefully over many pages to see the pattern in print to determine which is the displayed material. Notice that the rule you cited defines displayed material as that which is set off from the text by a CHANGE IN MARGIN. Those paragraphs are still considered blocked and NOT indented. The display is shown by a blank line before and after.
And NEVER use two blank lines for this purpose. There is no provision for it in the rule and it simply creates a chasm for the reader to get past without imparting any additional information about the text. A single blank line indicates the displayed material and the resumption of regular text. It also indicates the change in format (1-3) that I assume is being used for the numbered items.
Here's a problem. There is a blank line between blocked paragraphs because that's the only way to tell where a pargraph ends and a new one begins. There is a blank line between regular text and displayed material. This means that if displayed material is also blocked, it is not obvious, except by context, in braille. There is really no way to tell in braille except by the content of the material itself. Usually, in print, the reader can tell by visual appearance of the various print indentions. Not always true in braille, at least not currently.
PREVIEW. The new Formats rules, just approved by BANA address this issue. But since those new rules haven't been published yet, and BANA has not announced an implementation date, we use the current rules now.
--Joanna
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1/3/2012 4:05:50 PM
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indented paragraphs
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That's it exactly. Most of the time the distinction between the regular text and the displayed material is pretty clear in braille, just by virtue of the blank line. But in the case of your complex print, that distinction will tend to get lost in the braille, leaving the reader to depend on what the words actually say. The print reader of your book can rely more on relative position, but that is not available to the braille reader.
As mentioned, the new Formats rules will address this in new and interesting ways.
--Joanna
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1/5/2012 6:11:48 PM
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Table Separation Lines
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Formatting a table in braille depends on how that table is printed, on how it looks. I have to be able to see the actual table. I can't tell how wide anything should be without seeing how wide it actually is in comparison to whatever else is on the page. Please send a scan of the actual print page.
I'm sorry, but on this one I can't help you without seeing what you need help with.
--Joanna
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1/6/2012 5:27:11 AM
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Table Separation Lines
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I see your file Social Problems and that is posted successfully. I have downloaded it and reviewed it. This is very helpful, but I'm not sure I understand your question. Your post is titled "Table Separation Lines" but you seem to be asking about the width of columns. I'm sorry, but I find this confusing. It might be that you are using the term "separation lines" in a way that is unfamiliar to me. It might help if you send a braille file that shows how you are considering formatting this table. You can post either a .brf or .abt file here. Format the second (and any other additional braille pages) of this table according to the columns on that page. It doesn't help the reader to format the first page based on what is going to be different on the second or next pages.
Hope that helps. Please post again if you wish to discuss this further.
--Joanna
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