kdejute
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Thank you for your question!
First, any format we choose should accomplish two goals:
- be something we can do consistently for all similar instances
- allow the braille user to easily navigate the steps, choosing to read or skip the explanations as they choose
How can we do this? We might use nested indentation, based on principles from Braille Formats 2016. So, each step of a math problem could be formatted in 1-5, and each commentary could be formatted in 3-5. This differentiates the calculation content from the commentary about it (including runovers of both calculation and commentary).
Alternatively, we might go rogue and take inspiration from §26.4.5 of The Nemeth Braille Code for Mathematics and Science Notation, 2022 and follow the format described there: "Comments within math problems are placed on the line following the expression, blocked four cells to the right of the runover position of the expression."
However, our guidelines for formatting a UEB Math/Science transcription are Rules of UEB and Braille Formats 2016, so we should use tools from those sources and use a nested list format.
Please let us know if you have any follow-up questions or examples!
–Kyle
Thank you. Yes, I agree wholeheartedly that those directional arrows make tactile graphics the right choice.
–Kyle
Fred,
Is there any chance you can share an image of the print you’re working with? I’m not certain I know what you mean by “mapping diagrams (input/output tables).”
–Kyle
Connie,
Thank you for your question!
For a "nothingness" like that which follows the equals in "2+2 = ", UEB does not tell us to use a visible space indicator (or anything else). So, I strongly advocate for following print and simply not putting anything.
#b"6#b "7
I would do this whether the expression were embedded within text or displayed or part of a series of expressions.
Again, thank you for the question. Please let me know if you need more information or have follow-up questions!
–Kyle
[In a perfect world, I think these long web addresses would be digital so that the user could simply click them without having to wade through their coding/navigation components. ... If we were feeling like going way above and beyond to create accommodations, we could conceivably use bit.ly or another service to create a shortcut for these web addresses and share that shortcut in a transcriber's note.]
Belated greetings, Shawn:
I do not know of any specific guideline or rule that applies to breaking a long "nonsense" string of letters that is unspaced.
I suspect you already know that 14.7 of the Instruction Manual for Braille Transcribing – UEB Edition, 2015 says, " Make the division at a logical break and at a point that is not between two letters or between two digits." I acknowledge that isn't helpful in the case you describe.
First, I would double-check for any punctuation or words and endeavor to break between words or after any punctuation.
After checking that, if you still have to force a braille line break in a string of letters that is unspaced, I would endeavor to make the line break where it does not interrupt any contractions.
The braille user is lucky to have someone who is working hard to make even the messy web addresses be as reader-friendly as they can be.
Braille on!
–KyleGreat question. Thank you, Lucas.
Personally, I would put a grade 1 symbol indicator between the minus symbol and the letter. But I have cross-posted this question in NBA's tactile graphics forum so we can get further input. In that forum, the question is titled Number Line Question, negative lowercase letter below number line.
–Kyle
Thank you for your question, Susan!
We think it is alright to use the visible space symbol without any grade 1 indicators as long as it does not follow a letter.
If we use the one-cell visible space symbol instead of the box that print shows to indicate an omission, we should explain that change in a transcriber's note. For example, "The visible space symbol .=+ is used in braille where print has a box."
A possible transcription of item 1 from the print you shared is attached (as a picture and as a BRF).
What do you think? Does this help?
–Kyle
We (NBA's UEB Technical Material Committee) are debating and will get back with you today or tomorrow. –Kyle
You found it!
GTM 3.1.3 says:
Signs of comparison are unspaced when they appear in an expression
which is not on the base line.We also talked about this in the webinar "Spacing Exceptions," which is in the NBA archive of short webinars.
Braille on!
–Kyle"With a fair few tactile graphics" is likely the answer. For grades K-3, we really are encouraged to use tactile graphics instead of shape symbols (by both Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics and Guidelines for the Transcription of Early Educational Materials).
Your example is no exception. We have to expect that the teacher will refer to the arrows, boxes, and circles. And it is reasonable to expect that the second-grade student will not be fluent in UEB arrow symbols, shape symbols, or symbols for physical enclosure (e.g., a circle with a minus inside it).
Perhaps something roughly like the transcription in the attached picture will work for you. Make sure your graphics (unlike the rough draft in the attached picture) follow Guidelines and Standards for Tactile Graphics best practices (i.e., correct arrowhead shape as well as texture of and spacing around lines).
Braille on!
–KyleExactly. We cannot use contractions within a numeric passage, because numeric mode sets grade 1 mode.
Regarding the carried numbers' need for numeric indicators, again: exactly. If it is not in a numeric passage, we must use a numeric indicator for a carried number so it cannot be misread as a letter or series of letters.
So glad we can help!
