Patrick Janson
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Hi Robert,
A breve over an "s" is indeed unusual. I am assuming that's what you mean when you write "a half-circle" above it. Look carefully to see if it is a caron or circumflex.
If it is an breve, then you can use the UEB modifier for breve (dots 4, 346) ahead of the "s". If you want it to be a single-cell character, then you could chose the UEB "the" symbol perhaps, and mark it on your SS page that it represents an s with a breve over it.
Patrick
Hi Denise,
If you are not finding guidance for these languages in "World Braille Usage" and other sources, (I did not either), then your only choice is to use UEB modifiers or transcriber-defined modifiers.
Patrick
Good Morning,
I asked around a bit and no one has come across this symbols. One committee member thinks it is a print error!
The suggestion I was given to pass along was:
If the transcriber uses a transcriber-defined symbol because they can't just substitute an arrow and "fix" the print error, I believe it should be listed on the Special Symbols page (or in a transcriber's note in the body if the mystery symbol only occurs on that page) something like:⠨⠿⠹ First transcriber-defined symbol, used to indicate a spelling change in stem-changing verbsWrite back if you were given other interesting suggestions!
Patrick
Hi Christina,
I see that this was answered in the Formats section, and I would certainly differ to Cindi L.!
Patrick
Hi Laurie,
I got an assist from Cindi Laurent because of her Formats expertise. She says to treat the inverted question mark as part of the word and line it up with the entry words, so that the articles are the only thing separated. She also says, yes, there are often deep indentations in FL glossaries and you are correct with yours.
Patrick
Good Morning,
You will want to study section 21.9 in Braille Formats. There you will discover how to align the initial letters of the main foreign language words, based on the length of the articles (without need of transcriber's notes). Note that spacing may change per braille page. A very good example is given in Formats in Example 21-36: Foreign Language Glossary.
Let me know if you have further questions,
Patrick
Hi Janice,
It seems as if the publisher of the book was inconsistent in how they handled English vs. Spanish and you're left to sort it out. I spoke to a few formats experts who also know Foreign Language braille and they suggest you merely follow print. I can see you want to take special care in trying to differentiate to the braille reader which italics might be Spanish and which English, but the suggestion is to follow print.
As for your question of Spanish proper names that are not italicized, in Method 2 we are directed to uncontract FL words because the young student is learning the language. That might have to be a judgement call on your part if you real uncontracting with help in the reading of the name.
So sorry for the delayed response. Hope you stay well!
Patrick Janson
Hi Jill,
Our committee talked over your email and Cindi Laurent (Vice Chair) gave these suggestions:
Use the UEB ligature symbol for the undertie - dots 45, 235 - and do a TN to explain that it is under the word in print and replaces the print hyphen if there is one.For the letters above the tie, I would suggest putting them in parentheses and placing them after the 2nd letter of the tie (so for quan<b>d e</b>lle you would have q u a n bold symbol d ligature bold symbol e open paren t close paren lle). It's ugly, but it's all there. You would also need a TN to explain that the letters that appear above the tie are enclosed in parens and follow the tied letters. I'd probably omit the bold as I think it's just showing that those sounds are tied together and the ligature does that (in my opinion). And, of course, this suggestion is completely based on the the small snippet of the book we can see.Tough stuff!Hi Jill,
SO SORRY for this late reply, Jill. I didn't get an email notification that this was posted. I am looking into this and I hope to have some helpful answers in the coming days.
Patrick
Hi Robert,
Whenever we find a symbol like this that is not on the WBU list for a certain language, it is best to use a transcriber-defined symbol such as dots 1456 in its place. Be sure to add it to your SS page.
You can find this information on page 38 of "Rules of UEB."
Patrick Janson
Hi Dawn,
I got in touch with the only transcriber I know who is adept at Hebrew Braille. His reply is that he has no knowledge of any updated rules on Hebrew Language in Braille. He still utilizes the document "Provisional Guidance for Transcribing Foreign Language Materials". Sorry we can't help more!
Patrick Janson
This reply came from FL Committee member, Anna Werner
Hi Veeah, I'm on the foreign language committee. This is not unlike Hebrew, which we took a look at recently. What's happening here is that when a vowel follows a consonant, a mark (a "diacritic") is added to the consonant symbol to show the vowel, instead of writing the two sounds separately. You can see all the diacritic marks here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari#Vowel_diacritics . This chart was also helpful to me: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Devanagari#Vowels . (Wikipedia is a great resource for understanding the basics of a foreign writing system.)
The basic consonant symbols include a vowel sound, which is written as "a" or a schwa. The second and third syllables in your song are like this; you just write the consonant symbol and the vowel is implied. For the others, you need to identify the consonant and the diacritic in use. The first syllable is "d" with a long i diacritic, so to braille, dots 145, 35
The pronunciation line is not a transliteration line, so you may need to ignore it. Between Wikipedia and the page from World Braille Usage, I was able to pretty confidently identify the symbols used. Some of the diacritics were a little unclear because of the resolution of the image, so I hope you have a better copy to zoom in on.
Good Morning. Veeah,
I'm happy to look into this. I myself am a music braillist, so welcome to that club, too!
Your message said, "The following song I have included..." but I don't see an attachment. Would you please be able to submit it so I can look over the modified characters?
Patrick, Chair of the FL Committee
Hi Jan,
Code switch indicators in FL materials are only needed when context and format are not sufficient to let the reader know of a shift in language. They are rarely used. In most FL materials, difference of typeforms, inserting a colon, or indentations in format are enough. In cases where they are not, follow these guidelines as prescribed in The Rules of UEB, Section 14.2 and 14.3.
Let me know if you need more specifics! If you attach a pdf, I would be able to help more.
Patrick
Hi Kimberly,
I asked friend and FL expert Rebecca Sherwood to look this over with me, and we feel you have used the typeforms properly. Since we aren't using the typeform indicators from World Braille Usage, and we're not allowed to use UEB signs within the non-UEB Code Switch Indicators, the italics must go outside the Code Switch Indicators.
Best,
Patrick
